2020-2021某大学《英语写作》2期末课程考试试卷B(含答案)

2020-2021《英语写作》2期末课程考试试卷B

适用专业： 考试时间：

考试时间：120分钟 闭卷 试卷总分：100分

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Part I. Summary Writing (20 %):

Directions: Read the following passage. Write a summary of about 80 words.

The “Hawthorne Effect”, one of the best-known experiments in sociology was conducted before World War II at the Hawthorne plant of Western Electric. The management was eager to improve productivity and wanted to know what kind of incentives would encourage the workers to increase output. The researcher who investigated the problem, Elton Mayo, separated a group of women from the other workers and systematically varied lighting, coffee breaks, lunch hours, methods of payment, and so on. At first, Mayo and his associates were delighted: each new change increased levels of productivity. But when the researchers found that productivity rose no matter which variables were involved, they became suspicious. When the workers were finally returned to their original conditions, their productivity rose yet again! Something was seriously wrong with the researchers’ theoretical assumptions. Whatever had caused the changes in the dependent variable—productivity—it was not the independent variables the experimenters had introduced, and from this point of view the experiment was a failure. But the reasons for the experiment’s failure have taught sociologists a great deal. Production rose, it seems, because the women enjoyed all the attention they were getting: they became a tight-knit, cooperative group, they knew what effects the sociologists were trying to produce, and they did their best to please. This phenomenon—the contamination of the experiment by the subjects’ assumptions about what the sociologist is trying to prove—is still known as the Hawthorne effect. (239 words)

Part II. Essay Appreciation (35%)

Directions: Read the following essay and answer the questions.

The Hazards of Moviegoing

I am a movie fanatic. My friends count on me to know movie trivia (who was the pigtailed little girl in E.T.: The Extra-Terrestrial? Drew Barrymore) and to remember every big Oscar awarded since I was in grade school (best picture 1994? Forrest Gump). My friends, though, have stopped asking me if I want to go out to the movies. While I love movies as much as ever, the inconvenience of going out, the temptations of the theatre, and the behavior of some patrons are reasons for me to wait and rent the video.

To begin with, I just don’t enjoy the general hassle of the evening. Since small local movie theaters are a thing of the past, I have to drive for fifteen minutes to get to the nearest multiplex.

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The parking lot is shared with several restaurants and a supermarket, so it’s always jammed. I have to drive around at a snail’s pace until I spot another driver backing out. Then it’s time to stand in an endless line, with the constant threat that tickets for the show I want will sell out. If we do get tickets, the theater will be so crowded that I won’t be able to sit with my friends, or we’ll have to sit in a front row gaping up at a giant screen, I have to shell out a ridiculous amount of money—up to ＄8—for a ticket. That entitles me to sit while my shoes seal themselves to a sticky floor coated with spilled soda, bubble gum, and crushed Raisinets.

Second, . Like most of us, I have to battle an expanding waistline. At home I do pretty well by simply not buying stuff that is bad for me. I can make do with snacks like celery and carrot sticks because there is no ice cream in the freezer. Going to the theater, however, is like spending my evening in a Seven-Eleven that’s been equipped with a movie screen and comfortable seats. As I try to persuade myself to just have a diet Coke, the smell of fresh popcorn dripping with butter soon overcomes me. Chocolate bars the size of small automobiles seem to jump into my hands. I risk pulling out my fillings as I chew enormous mouthfuls of Milk Duds. By the time I leave the theater, I feel disgusted with myself.

Many of the other patrons are even more of a problem than the concession stand. Little kids race up and down the aisles, usually in giggling packs. Teenagers try to impress their friends by talking back to the screen, whistling, and making what they consider to be hilarious noises. Adults act as if they were at home in their own living room. They comment loudly on the ages of the stars and reveal plot twists that are supposed to be a secret until the film’s end. And people of all ages create distractions. They crinkle candy wrappers, stick gum on their seats, and drop popcorn tubs or cups of crushed ice and soda on the floor. They also cough and burp, squirm endlessly in their seats, file out for repeated trips to the rest rooms or concession stands, and elbow me out of the armrest on either side of my seat.

After arriving home from the movies one night, I decided that I was not going to be a

moviegoer anymore. Questions:

1. What pattern of development does this essay belong to? (2’)

A. Description B. Example C. Process D. Cause and effect 2. In which sentence is the thesis of the essay presented? (2’)

A. Second sentence B. Third sentence C. Fourth sentence 3. Which statement best describes the introduction of the essay? (2’)

A. It starts with an idea that is the opposite of the one then developed. B. It explains the importance of the topic to its readers.

C. It begins with a general statement of the topic and narrows it down to a thesis statement. D. It begins with an anecdote.

4. Which method of organization does the essay “The Hazards of Moviegoing” use? (2’)

A. Time order B. Emphatic order

5. Write the words in the thesis that announce the three major supporting points in the essay:

(3’)

a. b. c.

6. The topic sentence for the first supporting paragraph is supported by the following details

(filling the missing details): (4’)

a. Have to drive fifteen minutes b. c. d. e. f. Sticky floor

7. What is the topic sentence for the second supporting paragraph (filling the missing sentence)?

(3’)

8. The second topic sentence is supported by the following details: (3’)

a. At home, only snacks are celery and carrot sticks. b.

(1) fresh popcorn (2) (3) 9. The third topic sentence is supported by the following details: (6’)

a. b. c. Adults talk loudly and reveal plot twists.

d. 10. The ending paragraph of the essay has been eliminated except one sentence. Try to finish it with about 60 words. (8’)

the instructions may result in a loss of marks.

Part III. Writing (45%)

Directions: Write an example essay of about 250 words on the following topic.

As a sophomore, you are asked to write an essay to the new students in which you make the point that college is more demanding than high school. Make vividly clear—for example, using several hypothetical students as examples—just what the consequences of being unprepared for those demands can be. Focus on three areas of college and the demands of each. Each of the areas you choose should be developed in a separate paragraph. Each paragraph should have its own detailed examples.

You are to write in five parts.

In the first part, state specifically what your thesis is.

In the second three parts, support your thesis with three points.

In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.

Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow

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写作技巧（Skills）；（Writing skills）

2020-2021《英语写作》2期末课程考试试卷B答案

Part I. Summary Writing (20 %):

Main points

1. 扣分显示也主要表现在以下四个方面：

语言 （L）：35% 写作技巧（S）：40% 内容 （C）：25 % 2. 批阅统一标识：

1． The Hawthorne Effect phenomenon was first noted in an experiment conducted before

World War II at the Hawthorne plant of Western Electric. 2． Productivity increased significantly not because incentives were added but because attention

was given to workers. 3． The Hawthorne Effect is the contamination of the experiment because the subjects try to

achieve whatever result the experimenters desire.

Part II. Essay Appreciation (35%)

1—4 d c a b

5 a. the inconvenience of going out, b. the temptations of the theatre, c. the behavior of some patrons 6. the jammed parking lot endless ticket line crowded theater sticky floor

7. the theater offers tempting snacks that I really don’t need 8. theater is like a Seven-Eleven with seats Chocolate bars Milk Duds

9. Little kids race up and down the aisles;

Teenagers try to impress their friends by talking back to the screen, whistling, and making what they consider to be hilarious noises; People of all ages create distractions.

10. I was tired of the problems involved in getting to the theater, resisting unhealthy snacks, and dealing with the patrons. The next day, I arranged to have premium movie channels installed as part of my cable TV service, and I also got a membership at my local video store. I may now see movies a bit later than other people, but I’ll be more relaxed watching box office hits in the comfort of my own living room.

Part III. Writing (45%)

英文写作成绩的判定主要从以下三个方面：

内容（Content）；（focus on ideas）

语言（Language）；（focus on verb tenses, diction, spelling）

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错误一律用线标出，较严重的语言错误用波浪线标出，每条波浪线表示扣1分；一般性的语言错误用直线标出，每条直线表示扣0.5分。