01上外年博士入学英语考试题

2001年博士研究生入学考试 美国文学试卷（3小时）

Part One (30%):

Select one topic out of each group of two and write a passage relevant to the selected topic in the ANSWER SHEET as if you were making some introductory remarks to a group of college literature majors. Cross out the other topic.

1. a. John Barth

b. Thomas Pynchon

2. a. John Whittier

b. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

3. a. Jews Without Money

b. Tobacco Road

4. a. Emerson and the idea of the “Over-Soul”

b. Henry Miller and the Beat movement

5. a. Amy Tan

b. Maxine Hong Kingston

Part Two (40%):

Read the following short story and write a short critical essay discussing one or some of its literary features, such as the theory behind this kind of writing, the author’s critical attitude, the theme, the language, etc. – anything that you think deserves commenting on.

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The Glass Mountain

By Donald Barthelme

1. I was trying to climb the glass mountain.

2. The glass mountain stands at the corner of Thirteenth Street and Eighth Avenue. 3. I had attained the lower slope. 4. People were looking up at me. 5. I was new in the neighborhood. 6. Nevertheless I had acquaintances.

7. I had strapped climbing irons to my feet and each hand grasped a sturdy plumber’s friend. 8. I was 200 feet up. 9. The wind was bitter.

10. My acquaintances had gathered at the bottom of the mountain to offer encouragement. 11. “Shithead.”

12. “Asshole.”

13. Everyone in the city knows about the glass mountain. 14. People who live here tell stories about it. 15. It is pointed out to visitors.

16. Touching the side of the mountain, one feels coolness.

17. Peering into the mountain, one sees sparkling blue-white depths.

18. The mountain towers over that part of Eighth Avenue like some splendid, immense office building.

19. The top of the mountain vanishes into the clouds, or on cloudless days, into the sun. 20. I unstuck the righthand plumber’s friend leaving the lefthand one in place.

21. Then I stretched out and reattached the righthand one a little higher up, after which I inched my legs into new positions.

22. The gain was minimal, not an arm’s length. 23. My acquaintances continued to comment. 24. “Dumb motherfucker.”

25. I was new in the neighborhood.

26. In the streets were many people with disturbed eyes. 27. Look for yourself.

28. In the streets were hundreds of young people shooting up in door ways, behind parked cars. 29. Older people walked dogs.

30. The sidewalks were full of dogshit in brilliant colors: ocher, umber, Mars yellow, sienna,

viridian, ivory black, rose madder. 31. And someone had been apprehended cutting down trees, a row of elms broken-backed among the VWs and Valiants.

32. Done with a power saw, beyond a doubt.

33. I was new in the neighborhood yet I had accumulated acquaintances. 34. My acquaintances passed a brown bottle from hand to hand. 35. “Better than a kick in the crotch.”

36. “Better than a poke in the eye with a sharp stick.” 37. “Better than a slap in the belly with a wet fish.”

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38. “Better than a thump on the back with a stone.”

39. “Won’t he make a splash when he falls, now?”

40. “I hope to be here to see it. Dip my handkerchief in the blood.” 41. “Fart-faced fool.”

42. I unstuck the lefthand plumber’s friend leaving the righthand one in place. 43. And reached out.

44. To climb the glass mountain, one first requires a good reason.

45. No one has ever climbed the mountain on behalf of science, or in search of celebrity, or

because the mountain was a challenge. 46. Those are not good reasons.

47. But good reasons exist.

48. At the top of the mountain there is a castle of pure gold, and in a room in the castle tower sits…

49. My acquaintances were shouting at me.

50. “Ten bucks you bust your ass in the next four minutes!” 51. …a beautiful enchanted symbol.

52. I unstuck the righthand plumber’s friend leaving the lefthand one in place. 53. And reached out.

54. It was cold there at 206 feet and when I looked down I was not encouraged.

55. A heap of corpses both of horses and riders ringed the bottom of the mountain, many dying

men groaning there.

56. “A weakening of the libidinous interest in reality has recently come to a close.” (Anoton

Ehrenzweig)

57. A few questions thronged into my mind.

58. Does one climb a glass mountain, at considerable personal discomfort, simply to disenchant a symbol?

59. Do today’s stronger egos still need symbols?

60. I decided that the answer to these questions was “yes.”

61. Otherwise what was I doing there, 206 feet above the powersawed elms, whose white meat I

could see from my height? 62. The best way to fail to climb the mountain is to be a knight in full armor – one whose horse’s

hoofs strike fiery sparks from the sides of the mountain. 63. The following-named knights had failed to climb the mountain and were groaning in the heap:

Sir Giles Guilford, Sir Henry Lovell, Sir Albert Denny, Sir Nicholas Vaux, Sir Patrick

Grifford, Sir Gisbourne Gower, Sir Thomas Greay, Sir Peter Coleville, Sir John Blunt, Sir Richard Vernon, Sir Walter Willoughby, Sir Stephen Spear, Sir Roger Faulconbridge, Sir Clarence Vaughan, Sir Hubert Ratcliffe, Sir James Tyrrel, Sir Walter Herbert, Sir Robert Brakenbury, Sir Lionel Beaufort, and many others. . My acquaintances moved among the fallen knights.

65. My acquaintances moved among the fallen knights, collecting rings, wallets, pocket watches,

ladies’ favors.

66. “Calm reigns in the country, thanks to the confident wisdom of everyone.” (M. Pompidou) 67. The golden castle is guarded by a lean-headed eagle with blazing rubies for eyes. 68. I unstuck the lefthand plumber’s friend, wondering if –

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69. My acquaintances were prising out the gold teeth of not-yet-dead knights.

70. In the streets were people concealing their calm behind a facade of vague dread.

71. “The conventional symbol (such as the nightingale, often associated with melancholy), even

though it is recognized only through agreement, is not a sign (like the traffic light) because, again, it presumably aroused deep feelings and is regarded as possessing properties beyond

what the eye alone sees.” (A Dictionary of Literary Terms)

72. A number of nightingales with traffic lights tied to their legs flew past me. 73. A knight in pale pink armor appeared above me.

74. He sank, his armor making tiny shrieking sounds against the glass. 75. He gave me a sideways glance as he passed me. 76. He uttered the word “Muerte” as he passed me. 77. I unstuck the righthand plumber’s friend.

78. My acquaintances were debating the question, which of them would get my apartment? 79. I reviewed the conventional means of attaining the castle.

80. The conventional means of attaining the castle are as follows: “The eagle dug its sharp claws

into the tender flesh of the youth, but he bore the pain without a sound, and seized the bird’s

two feet with his hands. The creature in terror lifted him high up into the air and began to circle the castle. The youth held on bravely. He saw the glittering palace, which by the pale rays of the moon looked like a dim lamp; and he saw the windows and balconies of the castle tower. Drawing a small knife from his belt, he cut off both the eagle’s feet. The bird rose up in the air with a yelp, and the youth dropped lightly onto a broad balcony. At the same moment a door opened, and he saw a courtyard filled with flowers and trees, and there, the beautiful enchanted princess.” (The Yellow Fairy Book) 81. I was afraid.

82. I had forgotten the Bandaids.

83. When the eagle dug its sharp claws into my tender flesh – 84. Should I go back for the Bandaids?

85. But if I went back for the Bandaids I would have to endure the contempt of my acquaintances. 86. I resolved to proceed without the Bandaids.

87. “In some centuries, his [man’s] imagination has made life an intense practice of all the lovelier energies.” (John Masefield)

88. The eagle dug its sharp claws into my tender flesh.

. But I bore the pain without a sound, and seized the bird’s two feet with my hands.

90. The plumber’s friends remained in place, standing at right angles to the side of the mountain. 91. The creature in terror lifted me high in the air and began to circle the castle. 92. I held on bravely.

93. I saw the glittering palace, which by the pale rays of the moon looked like a dim lamp; and I saw the window and balconies of the castle tower.

94. Drawing a small knife from my belt, I cut off both the eagle’s feet.

95. The bird rose up in the air with a yelp, and I dropped lightly onto a broad balcony.

96. At the same moment a door opened, and I saw a courtyard filled with flowers and trees, and there, the beautiful enchanted symbol.

97. I approached the symbol, with its layers of meaning, but when I touched it, it changed into

only a beautiful princess.

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98. I threw the beautiful princess headfirst down the mountain to my acquaintances. 99. Who could be relied upon to deal with her.

100. Nor are eagles plausible, not at all, not for a moment.

Part Three (30%):

The following are two often-quoted comments which seem to be contradictory. In both quotations the word “art” refers to literary works in their contexts. Write a brief essay on the related topic about your understanding:

A. “All art bears the imprint of its historical epoch.”

B. “True art transcends the particularity of its time … to reach universality.”

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Answer Sheet

Part One: 1. 2. 3.

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4. 5.

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Answer Sheet

Part Two:

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Answer Sheet

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Answer Sheet Part Three

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