复习学案 Unit 15

编制人：马丹 2012.1.8

一．词类转换 按要求写出下列单词的适当形式。

1. simple (adj.) ____________ (vt.) 简化 类似：pure____________ (vt.) 提纯，净化 2. willing (adj.) ___________ (adj.)不愿意的 类似：known ____________ (adj.) 不知道的 3. punish (vt.) ____________ (n.)惩罚, 处罚 类似：assess_____________ (n.) 评估 4. worth (n.)____________ (adj.) 值得的 类似：weight ____________ (adj.) 重的，有份量的 5. benefit (n.)__________ (adj.) 有益的 类似：face____________ (adj.)脸的，脸部的 6. defend (v.) ___________ (n.) 防御，保卫 类似：respond ___________ (n.) 反应，回答 7. appreciate (vt.)____________ (n.) 鉴赏, 感激 类似：inspire____________ (n.)鼓舞, 灵感 select______________ (n.)选择, 选集 assume ____________ (n.)假定, 假设 reflect______________ (n.)反射，反映 instruct _____________ (n.)教导，指导 correct______________ (n.)改正，改进 collect______________ (n.)收集，收藏 二．重点短语

1. _____________________好像，仿佛 2. _____________________对„极重要 3. ____________________恶作剧，作弄 4. ___________________上涨，上升 5. ___________________因„„而自豪 6. __________________对„„贡献，有助于 7.__________________即使；纵然 8. __________________赶上 9. _______________静静站着 10. _______________相聚，聚会 11. _______________复习 12. _______________推迟，拖延 13. _______________从事，占据(时间，空间) 14. _______________加起来共计 15. ___________________在„„缺少信心 16. _______________渴望做„„ 17. _______________把„„变成 18. _________________把„送进监狱 19. _______________违背，违反 20. come to one’s defence __________________ 21. place importance to ___________________ 22. acquire/gain knowledge __________________ 23. in good mood__________________ 24. hand out __________________ 25. due to __________________ 26. switch off __________ 27. life-long learning __________ 28. get promoted __________ 29. distance learning __________ 30. search for ______________ 31. bring a lump to one’s throat ______________ 32. be related to ______________ 33. one’s mind goes blank ______________ 三、教材重点句子识记

1、我让孙子教我怎样收发电子邮件和使用互联网。我真的很喜欢信息的传送和回复速度。

２、如果我作为老师所作的能够帮助将一个像格雷姆这样的孩子变成如此成功的一个成年人，那么我知道我所做的一切都是值得的。

３、虽然今天我们更习惯于在一个搜索引擎里打出几个关键词，然后等待互联网为我们吐出答案，现代的科学家和思想家们仍然用这种分析方法来解决世界的问题——这对我们来说很幸运。

４、起初，人们赞同他的研究并鼓励他继续进行，但是当他证实亚里士多德是错误的时候，他们就生气了，把他关进了监狱。

５、我们今天对世界拥有这么多的知识和理解，是因为有培根和伽利略这样的人，为了发现建造今天文明的知识王国，他们勇敢地从传统思想的阴影中走出。

６、他们懂得知识和理解是要奋斗的事情，有人说，对一个人或人类来说，它比世界上所有的金钱都重要和有益。

四、重点知识回顾

1．[教材原句] But even though Aristotle was a great man who inspired many great scientists and philosophers after him, he was wrong at times.

inspire v．鼓舞，激励，驱使，赋予……灵感，给……以启示，激起，唤起(感情，思想等) 鼓励某人(做)某事

inspire sb. with sth.= 激起某人某种希望；使某人产生某种情绪 inspired adj.有灵感的 inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的

The violinist’s performance inspired the entire audience.小提琴家的演奏感动了全场观众。 The discovery inspired us to look for fossils.这个发现激励我们去寻找化石。 The beautiful scenery inspired the composer.美丽的景色使作曲家灵思泉涌。 His encouraging remarks .

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他的一番鼓励激起了我的信心。

The lecture was so ________ that they were all _____.

A．inspiring；exciting B．inspiring；excited C．inspired；exciting D．inspired；excited

2. defence (defense) n. 保卫，保护，防御 [U]; 防御工事，防护物[C]；辩护[U] 保卫，为„辩护 Eg. The defence of the country is everyone’s affair. We must strengthen our defenses on the western border. He gave his life in defence of his country. He spoke in defense of the nation’s foreign policy. defend v.保卫，捍卫；为„辩护

defend sb./ sth./ yourself from/ against sb./ sth. 保护，保卫；辩解，辩白 We should defend the child from harm. 我们要保护孩子不受伤害。 How can you defend such behavior? 你怎么能为这种行为辩解呢？ Politicians are skilled at defending themselves against their critics. 政客们都关于为自己辩解，反驳别人的批评。 3. go blank 变得一片空白；发呆，默然 ■运用： 用go blank补全句子。

(1)当我听到这个震惊的消息，我的脑子一片空白。 When I heard the shocking news, _______________ (2)让我想一想。抱歉，我大脑一片空白。 Er, let me think._____________________________

★拓展: go可以用作联系动词，后面接形容词作表语，意思是“变得……”。 请补全下列短语。(1)go _______ 变坏，变质 (2)go _______变瞎 (3)go _________挨饿 (4)go _____________变得疯狂 (5)go _________ 发生故障

★联想: 常见的“变成”类系动词有become, get, come, go, grow, fall, turn, run等，都表示从一种状态到另一种状态。请将下列短语翻译成中文或英文。

(1)fall ill __________ (2)____________入睡 (3)fall apart __________ (4)____________实现 (5)____________变得短缺 (6)become famous__________ (7)get angry__________ (8)grow fat__________ (9)turn yellow__________

(2006广东卷)24. The traffic lights ____ green and I pulled away. A. came B. grew C. got D. went

(2006山东卷)25. Someone who lacks staying power and perseverance is unlikely to ___ a good researcher. A. make B. turn C. get D. grow 4、[教材原句]I felt as if I had done something wrong.

as if（= as though）似乎，好像（引导表语从句和方式状语从句） ①The young man with long hair looks as if he were a girl.

这个满头长发的男青年看上去像个女孩。 ② He treats his pet dog as if it______ a baby. 他对待他的宠物狗就像对待婴儿一样。

as if在look, seem, feel, sound等系动词后可引导表语从句，也可引导方式状语从句。 （1）当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时，从句用陈述语气。 ③It sounds________ it is raining. 听起来像是在下雨。

(2)当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时，as if从句用虚拟语气。

如果从句表示与现在事实相反，as if从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时（be动词用were）； 如果从句表示与过去事实相反，从句中的谓语动词用“had+过去分词”；

如果从句表示与将来事实相反，从句中的谓语动词“would/ could/ might+动词原形”。 ④You look as if you didn’t care.你看上去好像并不在乎。

⑤Everything in my childhood crowded upon my mind as if they had just happened. 童年的往事一齐涌上我的心头，好像是刚刚发生的一样。

(2007浙江卷)Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, _______ they knew it to be valuable. A. as if B. now that C. even though D. so that 5、In other words, we learn more every day and none of us can ever sit back and say, “ We know it all”.

in other words 换句话说，也就是说

I’m not used to the way you speak to me. In other words, I don’t want to continue our conversation. 我不习惯你对我讲话的方式。换句话讲，我不想继续我们的谈话了。 【辨析】in other words, in a word, in word与in words 易混词组 辨析 例句 In other words, there are not in other 意为“换句话说”。常用作插入语，也可看作many people in the world like words 同位语的连接词，相当于that is to say me.换句话说，在世界上没有多少像我一样的人。 in a word 意为“总而言之，简言之”，用来表示归纳总In a word, you did wrong to 结。 him.总而言之，你冤枉了他。 意为“口头上”，指以口头的方式表示，而并I want you to reply to me in in word 非落实在行动上，它与in deed（行动上）相deed, not in word.我想让你用对。 行动回答我，而不是口头上。 意为“用语言”，指用口头或书面语的形式表You can express your feelings in words 达及描述，它不和行动相对，仅涉及语言文字in words.你可以用语言表达本身。 你的感情。 【链接】

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in a word= in one word总而言之 have words with…与„争吵（吵嘴） have a word with…= have a few words with…和„说几句话 have a quick/ brief word with… 和„简短交谈

keep one’s words 信守诺言 beyond words 无法形容

（2009全国高考）Everybody was touched________ words after they heard her moving story. A. beyond B. without C. of D. in

跟踪训练

1. —I’m interested in that beautiful MP4 player. How much do you charge for it? —$150. And it’s of the value.

—Well,________, but I can’t afford it. Thank you anyway. A. please lower the price B. it’s really nice C. it’s worth it D. that’s too dear

2. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it________. A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken 3.—Why was Professor Wang unhappy recently? —Because the theory he insisted on______ wrong. A. proved B. proving C. being proved D. was proved

4. How I wish every family_______ a large house with a beautiful garden! A. has B. had C. will have D. had had

5. Three hundred firemen raced to the hotel after a smoke detector_____ the alarm soon after midnight. A. gave off B. set out C. gave away D. set off

6. Every student has free______ to the school library. A. right B. chance C. access D. use 7. The man_______ of shooting six children was caught by the police, the Xin Hua News reported on Friday. A. being suspected B. suspecting C. suspected D. to be suspected 8. __________the city lies the famous beautiful mountain. A. 40 miles southeast of B. To 40 miles southeast of C. Southeast 40 miles to D. To southeast 40 miles of

9. What impresses me most is________ he appears in front of others, he wears a sincere and charming smile. A. which B. that C. where D. that whenever

10. _________ deep down in the earth, the dead forests rotted away and became coal. A. Burying B. Buried C. To bury D. Having buried

11. Safety regulations are being_______ by company managers in the drive to increase profits. A. ignored B. thrown C. left D. emphasized

12. The report newly released urged that all children______ to swim. A. should teach B. would be taught C. would teach D. be taught

13. ________we make$5,000 every month, it won’t take long for us to pay off the debt.

A. Giving that B. Assume that C. Assuming that D. Given that

14. Jack didn’t do his homework, but he______ to the teacher that he had_____ it at home. A. lied; forgotten B. lay; left C. lay; forgotten D. lied; left

15. If the prediction for the earthquake_______ more accurate, we would have been more prepared and many more lives would have been saved. A. had been B. was C. has been D. were 16. Whether by accident or_______, he arrived too late to help us. A. purpose B. aim C. design D. chance

17. As we all know, children are always______ about everything fresh to them. A. strange B. amusing C. curious D. conscious 18. They_____ the train until it disappeared in the distance. A. saw B. watched C. noticed D. observed 19.—They______ out the problem, but failed.

—What a shame! I never thought it was going to happen like that.

A. managed to work B. managed working C. sought working D. sought to work 20. —The plane is due to take off at 7:50 from the airport.

—_______ we fail to arrive there in time? A. What if B. As if C. Even if D. Only if 21. —You ought to have given them some advice.

—_______, but who cared what I said? A. So I am B. So am I C. So did I D. So I did 高考写作句型必背

1. S + be + the + ~ est + 名词 + (that) + S + have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc) 主语+ be + the most + 形容词 + 名词 + (that) + 主语 + have ever +seen(known/ heard/ had/ read, etc) 例句：Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen. 海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。

Mr. Zhang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had. 张老师是我曾经遇到最仁慈的教师。 2. Nothing is + ~~~ er than to + V /Nothing is + more + 形容词 + than to + V

例句：Nothing is more important than to receive education. 没有比接受教育更重要的事。 3. ~~~ cannot emphasize the importance of ~~~ too much.（再怎么强调...的重要性也不为过。） 例句：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much. 我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。 4. There is no denying that + S + V ...（不可否认的...）

例句：There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse. 不可否认的，我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。

5. It is universally acknowledged that + 句子~~ （全世界都知道...） 例句：It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us. 全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。

6. There is no doubt that + 句子~~ （毫无疑问的...）

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例句：There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired. 毫无疑问的我们的教育制度令人不满意。

An advantage of ~~~ is that + 句子 （...的优点是...）

例句：An advantage of using the solar energy is that it won't create (produce) any pollution. 使用太阳能的优点是它不会制造任何污染。

8. The reason why + 句子 ~~~ is that + 句子 （...的原因是...）

例句：The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air. The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us. 我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。 9. So + 形容词 + be + S + that + 句子 （如此...以致于...）

例句：So precious is time that we can't afford to waste it. 时间是如此珍贵，我们经不起浪费它。10. Adj + as + S + be, S + V~~~ （虽然...）

例句：Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory. {by no means = in no way = on no account 一点也不}虽然我们的国家富有，我们的生活品质绝对令人不满意。11. The + ~er + S + V, the + ~er + S + V

The + more + adj + S + V, the + more + adj + S + V （愈...愈...）

例句：The harder you work, the more progress you make. 你愈努力，你愈进步。 The more books we read, the more learned we become. 我们书读愈多，我们愈有学问。 12. By +V+ing, ~~ can ~~ （通过...，..能够..）

例句：By taking exercise, we can always stay healthy. 借着做运动，我们能够始终保持健康。 13. ~~~ enable + Object（宾语）+ to + V （..使..能够..）

例句：Listening to music enable us to feel relaxed. 听音乐使我们能够感觉轻松。 14. On no account can we + V ~~~ （我们绝对不能...）

例句：On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge. 我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。 16. It is time + S + 过去式 （该是...的时候了）

例句：It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems. 该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。 16. Those who ~~~ （...的人...）

例句：Those who violate traffic regulations should be punished. 违反交通规定的人应该受处罚。17. There is no one but ~~~ （没有人不...）

例句：There is no one but longs to go to college.没有人不渴望上大学。 18. be + forced/compelled/obliged + to + V （不得不...）

例句：Since the examination is around the corner, I am compelled to give up doing sports. 既然考试迫在眉睫，我不得不放弃做运动。 19. It is conceivable that + 句子 （可想而知的）

It is obvious that + 句子 （明显的） It is apparent that + 句子 （显然的）

例句：It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life. 可想而知，知识在我们的一生中扮演一个重要的角色。 20. That is the reason why ~~~ （那就是...的原因） 例句：Summer is sultry. That is the reason why I don't like it. 夏天很燠热。那就是我不喜欢它的原因。

21. For the past + 时间，S + 现在完成时...（过去...年来，...一直...） 例句：For the past two years, I have been busy preparing for the examination. 过去两年来，我一直忙着准备考试。 22. Since + S + 过去式，S + 现在完成时…

例句：Since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard.自从他上高中，他一直很用功。23. be based on （以...为基础）

例句：The progress of the society is based on harmony.社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。 24. spare no effort to + V （不遗余力的）

We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.我们应该不遗余力的美化我们的环境。 25. be closely related to ~~ （与...息息相关）

例句：Taking exercise is closely related to health.做运动与健康息息相关。 26. Get into the habit of + V+ ing= make it a rule to + V （养成...的习惯） We should get into the habit of keeping good hours.

我们应该养成早睡早起（/保持良好的生活节奏）的习惯。 27. Due to/Owing to/Thanks to + N / V+ing, ~~~ （因为...）

例句：Thanks to his encouragement, I finally realized my dream.因为他的鼓励，我终于实现我的梦想。

28. What a + adj + N + S + V!= How + adj + a + N + V!（多么...！） 例句：What an important thing it is to keep our promise!

How important a thing it is to keep our promise!遵守诺言是多么重要的事！ 29. Leave much to be desired （令人不满意）

例句：The condition of our traffic leaves much to be desired.我们的交通状况令人不满意。 30. Have a great influence on ~~~ （对...有很大的影响）

例句：Smoking has a great influence on our health.抽烟对我们的健康有很大的影响。 31. do good to （对...有益），do harm to （对...有害） 例句：Reading does good to our mind.读书对心灵有益。 Overwork does harm to health.工作过度对健康有害。 32. pose a great threat to ~~ （对...造成一大威胁）

例句：Pollution poses a great threat to our existence.污染对我们的生存造成一大威胁。 33. do one’s utmost to + V = do one’s best （尽全力去...）

例句：We should do our utmost to achieve our goal in life.我们应尽全力去达成我们的人生目标

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