解析22021年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语 (全国乙卷)

英语

注意事项：

答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上

回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效、

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回.

第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上.

第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt？

A.£9.15. B.£9.18. C.£915.

答案是C。

1. What is the man doing?

A. Asking the way. B. Giving directions. C. Correcting a mistake.

2. What dress size does the woman want?

A. 8. B. 10. C. 12.

3. What is the woman likely to do?

A. Make a phone call. B. Handle the problem. C. Have a rest.

4. Which tour does the man seem to be interested in?

A. The evening tour B. The half-day tour. C. The full-day tour.

5. Where are the speakers?

A. At a canteen. B. At a clinic. C. At a bank.

第二节（共15小题，每小题15分，请分225分）

听下面5段对话减独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间、每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题.

6. What does the woman think of the match？

A. Entertaining. B. Discouraging. C. Boring

7. What do the speakers plan to do on Tuesday afternoon？

A. Watch a game. B. Play tennis. C. Go to the cinema.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题.

8. What does the man advise Mrs. White to do？

A. Go on a diet. B. Do more exercise. C. Get enough sleep.

9. Which can be included in Mrs. White’s breakfast？

A. Eggs B. Sausages. C. Porridge.

10.What is the man？

A. A teacher. B. A physician C. A chef.

听第8段材料，回答第11至14题

11. How does Nancy look to Daniel？

A. Confused B. Excited. C. Anxious.

12. Why does Daniel mention his performance in a play？

A. To comfort Nancy. B. To express his regret C. To show his pride.

13. What is Nancy going to do next week？

A. Take a school test B. Have a check-up C. Go in for a competition

14. What does Daniel offer to do for Nancy?

A. Rewrite her lines. B. Drive her to the theatre. C. Help her with the practice.

听第9段材料，回答第15至17题，

15. What was Prof. Stone’s grandfather afraid of？

A. Leaving his home.

B. Parting from his son

C. Taking early retirement.

16. What does old age mean to many elderly Americans？

A. Lack of moral support.

B. Loss of self-worth.

C. Change of living habits

17. What will Prof. Stone talk about next concerning elderly people？

A. Public services they ask for.

B. Health care available to them.

C. Contributions they can make.

听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。

18. What does the speaker's mother want her to be？

A. A confident person.

B. A warm-hearted person.

C. A humorous person.

19. Why did the speaker feel lonely in her childhood？

A. She often traveled by herself

B. Her family moved frequently.

C. Her mother was busy working.

20. What does the speaker mainly talk about？

A. Importance of home schooling.

B. Mother-daughter relationship.

C.A role model in her family.

答案：1—5 ACCBB 6—10 ABACB 11—15 CACCA 16—20 BCABB

听力原文

(Text 1)

M: Excuse me, I got lost. I took a bus to city hall, but I can’t find the place.

W: This is the concert hall, not city hall. To go there, you should take the bus at Grand Hotel over there.

(Text 2)

M: Can I help you?

W:I’m looking for a size twelve dress.

M: Oh, let me see. An eight, a ten. Ah, you’re lucky. I have the prettiest dress here in a twelve. Why don’t you try it on?

(Text 3)

W: Do you think you can take care of everything in the office today?

M: No problem. Just go home and take a rest. If there is anything I feel I cannot handle, I’ll call you.

(Text 4)

W: We have a half-day tour, a full-day tour and an evening tour. Which one would you like?

M: What is the schedule of the half-day tour?

W: It sets out at 8:30 a.m. and returns at 2:00 p.m.

(Text 5)

M: Now, what seems to be the trouble, Mrs. Stevens?

W: I’ve been very dizzy lately. And last night, I had some chest pain.

M: Don’t worry. Let me have a look.

(Text 6)

W: Wow. That was a great match. I really like watching tennis games.

M: Me too. I think tennis is an exciting sport.

W: I think so. Do you play tennis, John?

M: Yes, but not very well. Do you play?

W: A little. How about a game on Tuesday afternoon?

M: Sure.

(Text 7)

M: Mrs White, I’m afraid we have to put you on a strict diet. From now on, you’re going to have to stay away from salty food.

W: Does that mean I can’t have any more fast food?

M: Right. You can’t have any fried food or steaks.

W: What about breakfast food like eggs and sausages?

M: Those are all bad for you. But you can have porridge, bread and orange juice.

W: Well, what about lunch and dinner?

M: Have a salad for lunch. As for dinner, you can have all the vegetables you want. Fish and chicken are also okay.

W: What about dessert? Can I still have ice cream?

M: Yes, but not too much.

(Text 8)

M: Hi Nancy! You look worried. What’s wrong?

W: Well Daniel, have you ever felt nervous on stage?

M: Sure. Do you remember that play I was in a few years ago? I knew my lines, but I was terrified to have to recite them in front of an audience. As soon as I saw the crowd of people down there, my heart beat so fast that I was unable to say a single word.

W: That’s how I feel just thinking about the spelling competition next week.

M: I didn’t know you made it to the finals.

W: I’m worried I’ll get nervous and freeze on stage. I might forget how to spell everything, even my own name. I don’t know what to do.

M: Nancy, I know that you’re not going to forget how to spell your name. I’ll help you get through this. I’ll go to the school hall with you to practice. Then I’ll teach you an exercise my baseball coach taught me. Believe me. It works.

W: I feel much better now. Thanks, Daniel.

(Text 9)

W: Hello, ladies and gentlemen! Today, we have invited Prof. Stone to talk about the role of elderly people in our society. Welcome to our show, Prof. Stone.

M: To begin with, I’d like to tell a story from my own life. Several years ago, when my grandparents were well into their 80s, they were no longer able to care for themselves very well. My grandfather was afraid of leaving the only home they had known for the past 60 years. The idea of having to sell their home and move into a retirement home was an extremely painful experience for them. Indeed, old age for them, and many old Americans can mean not only the possible failure of one’s health, but the loss of identity and self-worth.

W: Yes, it’s true. What do you have to say about the problem of old age?

M: Many experts have given talks here that have focused on the medical care, and the development of public services for senior citizens. Today, I’d like to focus my comments on the meaningful roles that elderly can play and should play in our society.

(Text 10)

W: Talking about personal relationships, well, I’d naturally think of my relationship with my mother. Whenever I need help, my mother is always there for me. She often tells me that I can be anyone I want, as long as I’m confident of myself. She sees my talent and pushes me to do the best I possibly can. As I was growing up, we were often on the move. I had to admit that moving so often made me feel lonely. But my mother did everything she could to help me feel happy. In fact, so much traveling was really a good thing because it made us close. I respect my mother so much as she never treats me as a child, but as an equal. She gives me the freedom to make mistakes and to learn from them all. Unlike friendships that can fade or break, I know I’ll always be connected to my mother no matter what I face. She is not just a role model, but someone I love.

第二部分 阅读理解 （共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

The Biggest Stadiums in the World

People have been pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece. In around 8 A.D., the Romans built the Colosseum, which remains the world’s best known stadium and continues to inform contemporary design. Rome’s Colosseum was 157 feet tall and had 80 entrances, seating 50,000 people. However, that was small fry compared with the city’s Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250,000 people.

These days, safety regulations — not to mention the modern sports fans desire for a good view and a comfortable seat — tend to keep stadium capacities (容量) slightly lower. Even soccer fans tend to have a seat each; gone are the days of thousands standing to watch the match.

For the biggest stadiums in the world, we have used data supplied by the World Atlas list so far, which ranks them by their stated permanent capacity, as well as updated information from official stadium websites.

All these stadiums are still functional, still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport.

Rungrado 1st of May Stadium, Pyongyang, D. P. R. Korea Capacity: 150,000. Opened:

May 1, 19.

Michigan Stadium, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S. Capacity: 107,601. Opened: October 1,

1927.

Beaver Stadium, State College, PennsyIvania, U.S. Capacity: 106,572. Opened:

September 17, 1960.

Ohio Stadium, Columbus, Ohio, U.S. Capacity: 104,944. Opened: October 7,1922.

Kyle Field, College Station, Texas, U.S. Capacity: 102,512. Opened: September 24,

1927.

21. How many people could the Circus Maximus hold?

A. 104, 944.

B. 107, 601.

C. About 150,000.

D. About 250,000.

22. Of the following stadiums, which is the oldest?

A. Michigan Stadium.

B. Beaver Stadium.

C. Ohio Stadium.

D. Kyle Field.

23. What do the listed stadiums have in common?

A. They host big games.

B. They have become tourist attractions.

C. They were built by Americans.

D. They are favored by architects.

答案：1~3 DCA

解：本文是一篇应用文，介绍了包括罗马斗兽场在内的世界上最大的几个体育场馆。

1. 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“...the city’s Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250,000 people.”可知，马克西姆斯马戏团（Circus Maximus）可容纳大约250,000人，故选D。

2. 细节理解题。根据几个场馆的开放时间“Michigan Stadium...1927”、“Beaver Stadium...1960”、“Ohio Stadium...1922”和“Kyle Field...1927”可知，Ohio Stadium最早开放，历史最悠久，故选C。

3. 细节理解题。根据第四段“All these stadiums are...still hosting the biggest events in world sport.”可知，这些场馆的共同点是都仍在举办世界体育界最大的赛事，故选A。

B

When almost everyone has a mobile phone, why are more than half of Australian homes still paying for a landline (座机)？

These days you’d be hard pressed to find anyone in Australia over the age of 15 who doesn’t own a mobile phone. In fact plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket. Practically everyone can make and receive calls anywhere, anytime.

Still, 55 percent of Australians have a landline phone at home and only just over a quarter (29%) rely only on their smartphones, according to a survey (调查). Of those Australians who still have a landline, a third concede that it’s not really necessary and they’re keeping it as a security blanket — 19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies. I think my home falls into that category.

More than half of Australian homes are still choosing to stick with their home phone. Age is naturally a factor (因素) — only 58 percent of Generation Ys still use landlines now and then, compared to 84 percent of Baby Boomers who’ve perhaps had the same home number for 50 years. Age isn’t the only factor; I’d say it’s also to do with the makeup of your household.

Generation Xers with young families, like my wife and I, can still find it convenient to have a home phone rather than providing a mobile phone for every family member. That said, to be honest the only people who ever ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers parents, to the point where we play a game and guess who is calling before we pick up the phone (using Caller ID would take the fun out of it).

How attached are you to your landline? How long until they go the way of gas streetlamps and morning milk deliveries?

24. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about mobile phones?

A. Their target users.

B. Their wide popularity.

C. Their major functions.

D. Their complex design.

25. What does the underlined word “concede” in paragraph 3 mean?

A. Admit.

B. Argue.

C. Remember.

D. Remark.

26. What can we say about Baby Boomers?

A. They like smartphone games.

B. They enjoy guessing callers’ identity.

C. They keep using landline phones.

D. They are attached to their family.

27. What can be inferred about the landline from the last paragraph?

A. It remains a family necessity.

B. It will fall out of use some day.

C. It may increase daily expenses.

D. It is as important as the gas light.

答案：24. B 25. A 26. C 27. B

解：本文为说明文，讲述了澳大利亚座机目前的使用情况。

24.细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“In fact plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket. Practically everyone can make and receive calls anywhere, anytime.”可知，很多年纪更小的孩子都有一个手机，几乎每个人都可以在任何时间任何地点接打电话，故选B。

25.词义猜测题。根据划线单词上下文“Of those Australians who still have a landline, a third concede that it’s not really necessary and they’re keeping it as a security blanket－19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies.”可知，三分之一的拥有座机的人只是将座机作为一种安全保障，而19%的人说他们从来不使用座机，另有13%的人保留固定电话以防紧急情况，可知他们承认拥有座机并非必要，故选A。

26.细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“Age is naturally a factor (因素)－only 58 percent of Generation Ys still use landlines now and then, compared to 84 percent of Baby Boomers who’ve perhaps had the same home number for 50 years.”可知，婴儿潮出生的一代人中有84%的人持续使用同一个家用电话号码，因此可知这一代人持续使用固定电话，故选C。

27.推理判断题。根据最后一段作者的两个设问“How attached are you to your landline? How long until they go the way of gas streetlamps and morning milk deliveries?”可知，作者认为座机最终会走向煤气路灯和早晨牛奶递送的道路，即最终会被新的事物取代，故选B。

C

You’ve heard that plastic is polluting the oceans — between 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every year. But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference? Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does. He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products.

At the beginning of the year, the artist built a piece called “Strawpocalypse”, a pair of 10-foor-tail plastic waves, frozen mid-crash. Made of 168,000 plastic straws collected from several volunteer beach cleanups, the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source (来源) of plastic pollution, but they’ve recently come under fire because most people don’t need them to drink with and, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled. Every straw that’s part of Von Wong’s artwork likely came from a drink that someone used for only a few minutes. Once the drink is gone, the straw will take centuries to disappear.

In a piece from 2018, Von Wong wanted to illustrate (说明) a specific statistic: Every 60 seconds, a truckload’s worth of plastic enters the ocean. For this work, titled “Truckload of Plastic”, Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10,000 pieces of plastic, which were then tied together to look like they’d been dumped (倾倒) from a truck all at once. Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint.

28. What are Von Wong’s artworks intended for?

A. Beautifying the city he lives in.

B. Introducing eco-friendly products.

C. Drawing public attention to plastic waste.

D. Reducing garbage on the beach.

29. Why does the author discuss plastic straws in paragraph 3?

A. To show the difficulty of their recycling.

B. To explain why they are useful.

C. To voice his views on modern art.

D. To find a substitute for them.

30. What effect would “Truckload of Plastic” have on viewers?

A. Calming.

B. Disturbing.

C. Refreshing.

D. Challenging.

31. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A. Artists’ Opinions on Plastic Safety

B. Media Interest in Contemporary Art

C. Responsibility Demanded of Big Companies

D. Ocean Plastics Transformed into Sculptures

答案：28. C 29. A 30. B 31. D

解：本文为说明文，介绍了艺术家Benjamin Von Wong通过塑料垃圾制成的雕塑作品使大众审视与一次性塑料的关系。

28. 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products.”可知，他用塑料垃圾建造巨大的雕塑，迫使观众重新审视他们与一次性塑料产品的关系，故选C。

29. 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source (来源) of plastic pollution, but they’ve recently come under fire because most people don’t need them to drink with and, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled.”可知，因为塑料吸管尺寸小、重量轻，因此不能被回收，可知作者在本段讨论塑料吸管就是为了表明其回收困难，故选A。

30. 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“In a piece from 2018, Von Wong wanted to illustrate (说明) a specific statistic: Every 60 seconds, a truckload’s worth of plastic enters the ocean.”可知，Von Wong的这个作品主要是为了说明一个特定的数据，即每隔60秒就有一卡车的塑料进入海洋，而这个数据是触目惊心的，审视选项，Calming“平静的”，Disturbing“令人不安的”，Refreshing“使人重新振作的”，Challenging“挑战的”，故选B。

31. 标题归纳题。通读全文，可知本文介绍了艺术家Benjamin Von Wong通过塑料垃圾制成的雕塑作品使大众审视与一次性塑料的关系，且文中反复出现ocean plastics和sculpture这些关键词，故选D。

D

During an interview for one of my books, my interviewer said something I still think about often. Annoyed by the level of distraction (干扰) in his open office, he said, “That’s why I have a membership at the coworking space across the street — so I can focus.” His comment struck me as strange. After all, coworking spaces also typically use an open office layout (布局). But I recently came across a study that shows why his approach works.

The researchers examined various levels of noise on participants as they completed tests of creative thinking. They were randomly divided into four groups and exposed to various noise levels in the background, from total silence to 50 decibels (分贝), 70 decibels, and 85 decibels. The differences between most of the groups were statistically insignificant; however, the participants in the 70 decibels group — those exposed to a level of noise similar to background chatter in a coffee shop — significantly outperformed the other groups. Since the effects were small, this may suggest that our creative thinking does not differ that much in response to total silence and 85 decibels of background noise.

But since the results at 70 decibels were significant, the study also suggests that the right level of background noise — not too loud and not total silence — may actually improve one’s creative thinking ability. The right level of background noise may interrupt our normal patterns of thinking just enough to allow our imaginations to wander, without making it impossible to focus. This kind of “distracted focus” appears to be the best state for working on creative tasks.

So why do so many of us hate our open offices? The problem may be that, in our offices, we can’t stop ourselves from getting drawn into others’ conversations while we’re trying to focus. Indeed, the researchers found that face-to-face interactions and conversations affect the creative process, and yet a coworking space or a coffee shop provides a certain level of noise while also providing freedom from interruptions.

32. Why does the interviewer prefer a coworking space?

A. It helps him concentrate.

B. It blocks out background noise.

C. It has a pleasant atmosphere.

D. It encourages face-to-face interactions.

33. Which level of background noise may promote creative thinking ability?

A. Total silence.

B. 50 decibels.

C. 70 decibels.

D. 85 decibels.

34. What makes an open office unwelcome to many people?

A. Personal privacy unprotected.

B. Limited working space.

C. Restrictions on group discussion.

D. Constant interruptions.

35. What can we infer about the author from the text?

A. He’s a news reporter.

B. He’s an office manager.

C. He’s a professional designer.

D. He’s a published writer.

答案：1～4 ACDD

解：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了协同工作空间内适当水平的噪音可提高人创造性思考的能力。

1. 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“...he said, “That’s why I have a membership at the coworking space across the street — so I can focus.””可知，这位采访者更喜欢协同工作空间，是因为他可以集中注意力，故选A。

2. 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“...however, the participants in the 70 decibels group...significantly outperformed the other groups.”和第三段第一句“But since the results at 70 decibels were significant, the study also suggests that the right level of background noise...may actually improve one’s creative thinking ability.”可知，70分贝的背景音下实验参与者的表现大大好于其他组，正因如此，实验结果显示适当水平的噪音可提高人创造性思考的能力，故选C。

3. 细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“The problem may be that, in our offices, we can’t stop ourselves from getting drawn into others’ conversations while we’re trying to focus.”可知，在我们自己的办公室内，当我们努力集中注意力时，我们无法控制自己不被别人的谈话所吸引，即总是会被打断，故选D。

4. 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“During an interview for one of my books, my interviewer said something I still think about often.”可知，作者提及了一次接受他人采访自己书籍的情形，可推知作者是一名拥有出版物的作家，故选D。

第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

According to Jessica Hagy, author of How to Be Interesting, it’s not difficult to make yourself interesting at a dinner party.

36 ， if you’re out of your comfort zone or if you’re wandering into somebody’s house for the first time. So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers.

People love to talk about themselves. If you can start the conversation with a question other than “What do you do for a living?”, you’ll be able to get a lot more interesting conversation out of whomever it is you’re talking to. 37 , it can bring in “I have this old, broken-down vehicle,” or “I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the back.” It just opens up conversation.

38 ? If you can’t take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox (讲台). If you’re the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation. 39 .

And what about that other dinner-party killer: awkward silence? If you’re faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment (赞扬). 40 . Just quickly turn around and say, “This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.”

So being interesting at a dinner party isn’t that hard.

A. How do you know the host

B. The first step is to go exploring

C. If you ask the question “How did you get here?”

D. Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers

E. Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say

F. What about that person who has had too much to drink or won’t stop talking

G. He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most

答案：36. B 37. C 38. F 39. E 40.G.

解：这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了如何使自己在晚宴上有趣。

36. 根据设空后的句子意思：“如果你走出了舒适圈，或者你第一次到别人家做客”，缺的内容是“那么……”。这是一个if引导的从句，是顺承关系。以及结合空前一句也就是第一段作者说到让自己在晚宴上有趣并不难，可知后文应该是讲怎么做。所以选项B符合文意，前后是顺承关系，并且B选项中的the first step 和后面一句中的for the first time 照应复现。故选B。

37.首先题目后面出现了指代词it，指的是上句的内容，逗号后面的句子：“这可能会引发这样的回答 —— ”我有一辆老旧的汽车"或“我坐公交车来的（不重要的信息此处省略）”，两者之间是顺承和解释说明关系。故选C。

38.根据设空后面的问号，所以初步确定这里是一个疑问句，选项F刚好符合。另外选项里的drink和后一句中的wine 照应。故选F。

39.根据设空前面一句话，意思是：“（对于那些喝的烂醉或者喋喋不休的人）如果你是主人，那么你可以让他们在厨房里给你帮忙，从而把他们从现场支开。”，选项E（或者把对话转移到他们无话可说的话题上）符合文意。前后构成并列顺承关系。且E选项中的they和上句的them呼应。故选E。

40. 这一段讲的是饭桌上令人尴尬的沉默。根据空前一句说到一个很好的打破沉默的方法是称赞主人，结合空后一句说称赞主人的饭菜很可口可知，前后是中心和举例说明关系，选项G符合文意（她/他是对尴尬感受最深的那个人），且G选项中的 “He or she” 和前文的the host 是照应关系，故选G。

第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Simply saying thank you doesn’t seem enough in certain situations. I was considering this while working as a __41___ just a few weeks ago. And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different ___42___ of gratitude (感谢).

My thoughts were soon ___43__. We had a woman patient who was __44__ from a knee replacement operation. One afternoon, while __45___ to get into bed she collapsed (倒下) from what was __46__ discovered to be a heart attack. The collapse was disastrous, ___47__the emergency medical team and good teamwork. But she recovered, though __48___, and was ready for discharge (出院) after four weeks.

She was__49__ for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of discharge, we shared in her ___50__ at her recovery. As she was __51__ she was eager to say___52__ to each of us in the nursing team. When she ___53__ one nurse, she tried to press a five-pound note into her hand. My colleague __54__ to accept it, saying that we were all just__55__our job. The patient looked puzzled, and then __56__: “Oh this isn’t for the ___57__I had. I take that as a ___58__. No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.”

And there you have it. To many people, ___59__ lives is part of the job but styling hair is an ___60__ and should be rewarded.

41. A. cleaner B. chemist C. nurse D. doctor

42. A. grades B. meanings C. needs D. expectations

43. A. brushed aside B. put to the test

C. brought under discussion D. taken into account

44. A. departing B. escaping C. retiring D. recovering

45. A. attempting B. choosing C. pausing D. promising

46. A. eventually B. fortunately C. casually D. secretly

47. A. assessing B. requiring C. forming D. proving

48. A. slightly B. accidentally C. slowly D. happily

49. A. grateful B. thoughtful C. sorrowful D. fearful

50. A. surprise B. delight C. curiosity D. disappointment

51. A. operating B. thinking C. hesitating D. leaving

52. A. sorry B. hello C. goodbye D. yes

53. A. reached B. consulted C. introduced D. persuaded

54. A. wished B. pretended C. failed D. refused

55. A. enjoying B. doing C. securing D. starting

56. A. repeated B. recited C. replied D. reported

57. A. courage В. patience C. duty D. care

58. A. goal B. given C. push D. greeting

59. A. risking B. changing C. saving D. building

60. A. honour B. ability C. opening D. extra

答案：41~45 CABDA 46~50 ABCAB 51~55 DCADB 56~60 CDBCD

解：本文为一篇夹叙夹议文，通过叙述一位病人对护士帮她做头发进行奖励来论述感谢有不同等级之分。

41. 考查名词词义辨析。根据下文52空的“… each of us in the nursing team.”可知，作者是一位护士，cleaner“清洁工”，chemist“化学家”，nurse“护士”，doctor“医生”，故选C。

42. 考查名词词义辨析。根据本段第一句“Simply saying thank you doesn’t seem enough in certain situations.”推断可知，感谢有等级之分，grades“等级，级别”，meanings“意义”，needs“需求”，expectations“期望”，故选A。

43. 考查动词短语辨析。根据下文对病人行为的描述可知，作者的想法很快就得到了检验。brushed aside“扫除；漠视”，put to the test“检验，测验”，brought under discussion“讨论”，taken into account“考虑，重视”，故选B。

44. 考查动词词义辨析。根据下文的“a knee replacement operation”可知，女病人是从膝关节置换手术恢复，departing“离开”，escaping“逃离”， retiring“退休”，recovering“恢复”，故选D。

45. 考查动词词义辨析。根据下文的“…she collapsed (倒下) from what was…”推断可知，该病人是尝试上床，attempting“尝试”，choosing“选择”，pausing“暂停”，promising“承诺”，故选A。

46. 考查副词词义辨析。根据上文的尝试上床而倒下，结合下文的“…a heart attack.”推断可知，最终发现有心脏病，eventually“最终”，fortunately“幸运地”，casually“随便地”，secretly“秘密地”，故选A。

47. 考查动词词义辨析。根据上文的“The collapse was disastrous,”推断可知，这个状况是需要紧急医疗团队和良好的团队合作的，assessing“评估”，requiring“要求”，forming“组成”，proving“证明”，故选B。

48. 考查副词词义辨析。根据上文的“But she recovered”结合though推断可知，病人是恢复的比较缓慢，slightly“轻微地”，accidentally“意外地”，slowly“缓慢地”，happily“快乐地”，故选C。

49. 考查形容词词义辨析。根据42空附近的“express different___42___ of gratitude (感谢)”以及这个病人下文的所作所为，推断可知，她应该是对整个医疗和护理团队的付出表示很感激，grateful“感激的”，thoughtful“深思的”，sorrowful“悲伤的”，fearful“可怕的”，故选A。

50. 考查名词词义辨析。根据下文的“…at her recovery”推断可知，我们应该是分享她的喜悦，surprise“惊讶”，delight“开心，喜悦”，curiosity“好奇心”，disappointment“失望”，故选B。

51. 考查动词词义辨析。根据上文48空的“…for discharge (出院) after four weeks.”推断可知，病人是打算离开，operating“动手术”，thinking“思考”，hesitating“犹豫”，leaving“离开”，故选D。

52. 考查名词词义辨析。根据上文推断可知，离开应该是告别，故选C。

53. 考查动词词义辨析。根据下文的“…press a five-pound note…”推断可知，她应该是走到一个护士跟前，reached“到达”，consulted “请教，咨询”，introduced“介绍”，persuaded“说服”，故选A。

54. 考查动词词义辨析。根据下文的“…saying that we were all just__55__our job”推断可知，那位护士是拒绝接受，wished“希望”，pretended“假装”，failed“失败”，refused“拒绝”，故选D。

55. 考查动词词义辨析。根据上文的“My colleague __54__ to accept it”推断可知，护士表示仅仅是工作职责，enjoying“享受”，doing“做”，securing“获得，保卫”，starting“开始”，故选B。

56. 考查动词词义辨析。根据上文的拒绝接受，结合“The patient looked puzzled”可知，病人是回应到，repeated“重复”，recited“背诵”，replied“回答，回应”，reported“报道”，故选C。

57. 考查名词词义辨析。根据上文整个护理团队对病人付出了很多，推断可知，病人不是对护理的感谢，courage“勇气”，patience“耐心”，duty“责任”，care“护理”，故选D。

58. 考查名词词义辨析。根据上文的“Oh this isn’t for the ___57__I had. …this is for setting my hair yesterday”结合下文的“part of the job”推断可知，病人把照顾视为应当的，that’s a given表“理所应当的，显而易见的，自然而然的，故选B。

59. 考查动词词义辨析。根据上文的描述可知，病人得了心脏病，整个医疗团队与护理人员的职责就是救死扶伤，risking“冒险”，changing“改变”，saving“挽救”，building“构造”，故选C。

60. 考查名词词义辨析。根据上文的“…lives is part of the job”推断可知，病人认为医生拯救生命是工作职责，而做发型则是额外的事情，应该得到奖励，honour“荣誉”，ability“能力”，opening“机会，空缺的职位”，extra“额外的事物”，故选D。

第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact (影响) travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become 61 (educate) about the areas - both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the 62 (develop) of the local areas.

Ecotourism has 63 (it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it desirable.

Due to 65 growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types 66 trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:

● Minimize the impact of 67 (visit) the place.

● Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices.

● Provide 68 (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.

● Make sure that the tourism provides positive experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.

Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity. 69 (activity) there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim 70 (have) a low impact on the natural environment.

答案：

61.educated 62.development 63.its .until 65.the

66.of. 67.visiting 68.financial 69.activities 70.to have.

解：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了生态旅游的起源和遵循的原则。

61. 考查非谓语动词。根据空前的 become，它是一个系动词，后面接形容词构成系表结构，提示词是动词educate，它的形容词形式是过去分词形式，表示“受过教育的”。故填educated。

62. 考查名词。根据空格前的定冠词the并结合空后的介词of结构，可知这里应该用名词，故填development。

63. 考查代词。根据空后的名词origin以及空前的谓语动词has，判断这里是填形容词，即it的形容词性物主代词its，故填its。

. 考查介词。句意：讲一个概念的起源、发展。起源于20世纪70年代，“直到80年代末才被广泛接受” 所以判断这句话是一个 not...until...的结构，故填until。

65. 考查冠词。根据空后的growing popularity（愈加受欢迎）以及空前的Due to 结构（后面接名词短语），且这里应该用定冠词表示特指，故填the。

66. 考查介词。根据空前的types并结合后面的tips判断出这里填固定搭配：types of ，“各种各样的” 故填of。

67. 考查动名词。根据空前的of是介词，visit作为动词放在介词of的后面，应该用动名词形式，故填visiting。

68. 考查形容词。根据空后的aid（援助）结合provide的词性判断后面是名词短语充当provide的宾语。所以应该用finance的形容词形式financial。Financial aid的意思是经济援助，故填financial。

69. 考查名词。根据There是一个副词，“那里的”，去掉之后对句子结构没影响。这句话的动词是range （from...to...），所以判断出句首缺主语而且是复数形式。故填activities。

70. 考查非谓语动词。根据空前的aim和空后的have，它们都是动词所以这里应该用非谓语动词形式，且根据固定用法aim to do sth，故填to have。

第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）

第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分；满分10分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

I love doing housework. I always assist my parents in doing the dish after meals.

I also water the flowers in the yard and tidying up my own bedroom whatever necessary. In my opinion, students can benefit a lot doing some housework. Firstly, doing housework was helpful for us to be a responsible person. Also, it gives our parents more time to do what they are like and it improves the family relationship. What’s most, doing housework can be a form of mentally relaxation from study. That’s our view on housework. And hopes this can inspire more thinking on the topic!

解：

1. 考查名词单复数的用法，句意：我经常帮助我父母饭后洗碗。洗碗/清洗餐具，要用dish的复数形式，故将dish改成dishes。

2. 考查动词形式，句意：我也会在院子里浇花和必要的时候整理卧室。tidy这里与water并列，做谓语动词，应该同为一般现在时，故将tidying改为tidy。

3. 考查从属连词的用法，句意：同上。tidy up my own bedroom已经不缺宾语了，后面应该是一个副词短语。另外，whatever引导名词性从句时，应该在句子中充当成分，whatever necessary是不完整的。故将whatever - whenever。

4. 考查介词的用法。句意：我认为学生可以从做家务中收获很多。benefit from (doing) sth表示从...中受益。根据固定搭配用法，故要在doing前加上from。

5. 考查动词的时态。句意: 首先，做家务对于我们要做一个有责任心的人来说很重要。全篇都是一般现在时，故将was改为is。

6. 考查句子成分结构。句意：同时它也给了我们父母更多时间做他们喜欢的。to do what they like（做他们喜欢的事），这里like是动词，表示“喜欢”。如果前面加上系动词，就是“像”的意思。故要删掉be动词are。

7. 考查固定搭配。固定搭配what's more，意思是“不仅如此”，“另外”。用比较级形式，故将most改为more。

8. 考查形容词和副词的用法。根据形容词修饰名词的原则，relaxation是名词，因此前面应该用形容词而不是副词修饰。故将mentally改为mental。

9. 考查逻辑关系的错误。句意：这是我对家务的看法，并且希望这能引发更多关于这个话题的思考。很明显只应该是作者自己的观点。故将our改为my。

10.考查动词的时态。句意：同上。这里是一个祈使句的句型，省略了主语，所以用动词原形。故将hopes改为hope。

第二节 书面表达（满分25分）

你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以Be smart online learners为题写一篇发言稿参赛，内容包括：

1.分析优势与不足：

2.提出学习建议

注意：

1.词数100左右；

2.题目和首句已为你写好。

Be smart online learners

Good morning, everyone,

It’s a great honor for me to stand here to deliver a speech titled Be smart online learners.

At present, with the rapid development of the Internet, we are taking advantage of online programs to further our study, which offered numerous benefits, including flexibility and convenience. Meanwhile, online learning presents challenges, the biggest of which is low efficiency caused by a lack of self-discipline. Therefore, I would like to recommend ways to be smart online learners. Advanced planning always comes first. Besides, good time management will contribute to our productivity. Most importantly, full commitment is a must.

I am fully convinced that we should use the tips above and we will become smart online learners and take our study to the next level. That’s all! Thank you!

【审题思路】

本篇属于发言稿，应该使用第一人称，你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以Be smart online learners为题写一篇发言稿参赛，内容包括：①分析优势与不足：②提出学习建议。在写作时，首先根据写作要求确定关键词（组），如：improve（提高），face a lot of challenges（面临巨大的挑战），give advice on（就……提建议）；其次，根据提示和关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。最后，连句成文，注意演讲稿的格式及串联过渡用语，同时尽量使用熟悉的词汇及短语，尤其注意不要出现中式英语，并在力所能及的范围内使用复句、高级句式等，以增加亮点。书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。

【范文亮点】

逻辑连接词：Meanwhile，Therefore，Besides，Most importantly

亮点短语：a great honor （巨大的荣誉），deliver a speech（发表演讲），take advantage of（利用），contribute to（有助于）

亮点句型：

At present, with the rapid development of the Internet, we are taking advantage of online programs to further our study, which offered numerous benefits, including flexibility and convenience.（定语从句）

Meanwhile, online learning presents challenges, the biggest of which is low efficiency caused by a lack of self-discipline （定语从句）

I am fully convinced that we should use the tips above and we will become smart online learners and take our study to the next level.（宾语从句）